Panchang - Calculation and use of Vara

Day / Vara :

SOLAR AND LUNAR DAY: 

A solar day is the time period between one sunrise to next sunrise

उदयात् उदयं वार:।

Vedic day begins at sunrise and ends at Sunrise of the next day. In Vedic Astrology the days of the week have been associated with the successful accomplishment of certain types of activities. Certain activities are also considered inconsistent with the personalities of certain weekdays.

The suitability of weekdays closely correspond to the significations of the lords of those weekdays. Birth on a particular day will make that planet's affairs in the chart quite significant in a person's life. 

A tithi is a lunar day After the conjunction of Sun & Moon the time taken by Moon to go ahead of Sun by 12 degree is the period of 1 tithi . The average time of a Tithi is 23H 37M 28S.

To calculate the Day on a specific date

A METHOD TO FIND OUT THE WEEK DAY FOR ANY DATE 

1 week = 7 days

1 year = 365 days

If we divide 365 by 7

We get 7) 365 (52

                 35

                 15

                 14 

                 1

             

               

So, when we divide 365 days (1 year) by 7 we get a remainder 1(Extra Day)

For 1 year the reminder is 1

For 100 years the remainder will be (100 *1) = 100

In 100 years the No of Leap year                    =   24

                                                                            ___

                                                                            124

                                                                            ___

If we divide 124 by 7, we get a remainder 5

           7) 124 (17

                 7

               ____

                 54

                 49

              _____

                   5

         

For 1 year the reminder (Extra Day) = 1

For 100 years the remainder (Extra Day) = 5

For 400 years the remainder (Extra Day) = (4*5) = 20

(400th year is leap year, hence add 1)     1

                                                             ___

                                                              21

                                                             ___

(100th, 200th and 300th years are not leap years, whereas 400th year is leap year)

If we divide 21 by 7 we get a remainder 0

7) 21(3

    21

--------

      0

------- 

If we summarize the above,

For 1 year the remainder (Extra Day)= 1

For 100 years the remainder (Extra Day)= 5

For 400 years the remainder (Extra Day)= 0

Example1:

Let us calculate the day on 13-04-2014

To find out a week day for the given year, we have to calculate remainder for the year previous to the given year.

Here the given year is 2014, so we have to find out the remainder for the year 2013

We can write the year 2013 as below

The remainders we get when divide by 7

 (5*400) =    2000 = 5*0   = 00 = 00

Extra days for 2013     = 13/7 =6

Up to 2012 leap years = 12/4 = 3

No. of days from 1st Jan 2014 =3

                                Feb 2014 = 0

                               Mar 2014 = 3

                              Apr 2014 = 12

                  Total no. of days = 28

Dividing 28 by 7 gives reminder 0  So 0+1 =1 i.e Sunday

SOLAR DAY: 

In addition to observing the lunar day, or tithi (discussed in the next section), the traditional Hindu calendar also recognizes the solar day, or vasara that begins with sunrise and ends with sunrise the next day.

solar day is the time between successive meridian transits of the sun at a particular place.

Solar Day (Vasara)	English	Ruling Planet	guna	Vishnu Avataar
Bhanu (or Ravi) vasara	Sunday	Sun	Satva	RAM (suryavansh, raghupati, noon birth)
Indu (or Soma) vasara	Monday	Moon	Satva	KRISHNA (chandravansh, midnight birth)
Bhaum(Mangala) vasara	Tuesday	Mars	Tamas	NARSIMHA (avesha avataar, aggression)
Saumya (Budha) vasara	Wednesday	Mercury	Rajas	BUDDHA (intelligent)
Guru (or Brihaspati) vasara	Thursday	Jupiter	Satva	VAMAN (magnanimous)
Bhrigu (Sukra )vasara	Friday	Venus	Rajas	VAMAN (magnanimous)
Sthir/Manta (or Sani) vasara	Saturday	Saturn	Tamas	KURMA (forbearance, patience)

Gentle Days - Soumaya

Friday, Thursday, Wednesday, and Monday are considered as the ‘gentle’ days in Panchang.

Cruel Days - Krur

Saturday, Sunday, and Tuesday are considered as harsh krur days for some activities.

Importance of Day

Sunday:

An excellent day to undertake journeys,to resolve old disputes, entertain friends and family, for entering a new house, Gaining Knowledge, Pujas, Havans coronation, administer medicines.

Colours: Pink and maroon colours are best suited for this day.

Remedies which can be taken on Sunday

Fast on Sunday for peace, Can feed wheat and jaggery to a cow. 
Feeding kheer of jaggery to a Brahman or a poor person also reduces the malefic effects of Sun, Surya Namaskar in early morning to get a relief from health issues

Monday: 

Lord Krishna (Solah kala sampoorna) was the descendant of moon god, combined with all the sixteen phases like him

favorable for beginning a new career, planting, gardening and for initiating any kind of finance-related activities, make marital arrangements, and  for betting and sport-related activities, for seeking  medical help, for men seeking favors from women and for making new friends.

Good to donate Rice, melons, coconut, curd, camphor, milk, corn, cucumber, white clothes,  etc.. To Brahmins, Females

Tuesday:

To overcoming difficulties, works related to blood, surgery, piercing, killing; cruel works; arresting, inciting insurgency, army commanding, treaty, backing of treaty or agreement, forts, igniting fire, weapon, storing of war material, poison, lying, deception, thief, thievery; coral, gold related works and collection thereof, metal work, forest, night worker, doctor, ascetic / religious mendicant, treasurer, business of catching snakes, animal,

Wednesday:

Education; writing; learning of Vedas, Shastras; Moorti or Prateema (idol) making; Mantra Kriya; meritorious works; marriage; friendship; starting of fasting; taking of holy bath; trade; intellectual works, clever works; scientifical activity (science); metal work; war; argument; intelligence; ingenuity; messenger, diplomacy; physical exercise; collection of articles; juices and food grains; green sapphire; earth; clothes; fragrant articles; ending of fasting; works which take long time and works which finish in the middle.

Thursday:

peaceful religious works, temple, installing of deity /idol / Moorti / Prateema / Yantra; education, gaining wisdom, knowledge related works, learning in general, working with Shaastras; truthful works related to understanding the sense of life, meditation; wearing new clothes and trading thereof, ornaments, starting living in the house, doctor, medicine, trading in medicine, health related works, fasting; physical works, development and expanding works; king; wealth, gold, silver; trees; elephant, horse, bullock; transport, travel.

Friday:

good for starting dancing, music, singing, painting; luxurious works, festivals; wearing new clothes & ornaments; friendship, worshipping Kamadeva, females, passion, passionate women, sex, prostitutes, beds, increase in semen; fragrance; comedy, laughter; cows, trade related to food grain & agriculture, farming, selling and purchasing of land, dealing with sugar cane, juicy foods; gems, gold, silver, coffer; transport; lotus; earth; medicine.

Saturday:

entering a new house & city, trading with deceit & forgery, telling lies, dreadful deeds, insurgency, works related to obstruction, trading of arms & ammunition, poisoning, bereft of courtesy, usage of iron & steel, arm & armory, dead, servants, debased persons, old persons, thief, buffalo, camels, birds, trapping of elephant, stable works, profession related to capturing, collection of houses, departure, broken utensils, glass, stones, learning secret Mantras from Guru (Guru Deeksha), service.