Coordinates - Longitude and latitude of a place

In astrology date and time of birth are two important factors, also the third equally important factor is the place of birth needed for all astrological calculations.
The name alone does not give the correct relative position of birth to the planets and the moon. Therefore Geographically two coordinates represent each place known as the longitude and latitude.

 LONGITUDE
 Longitude is the angular distance, in degrees, minutes, and seconds, of a point east or west of the Prime (Greenwich) Meridian. Lines of longitude are often referred to as meridians.

Let PRQ (figure 2 above) be the principal meridian, cutting the Equator at R, and let PLQ be any other meridian cutting the Equator at L. The angle subtended by these two meridians is called longitude i.e. angle ZPcOL is the longitude of meridian PLQ there O is the centre of the earth. If this meridian is in east of the prinipal meridian, the longitude will be east and if it is in west, the longitude will be west.
Spherical angle RPL between the two meridians (one is the principal meridian) at the pole also measures the terrestrial longitude of the meridian PLQ.

LATITUDE

Latitude (shown as a horizontal line) is the angular distance, in degrees, minutes, and seconds of a point north or south of the Equator. Lines of latitude are often referred to as parallels.

In figure 2,let M be a place at meridian PMLQ,the meridian cutting the Equator at L. The great circle
arc ML is the latitude of the place. Angle ZMOL will also represent the same thing (as the great circle arc will also be measured in angles). If the place is in North of Equator, it is called north and if it is in south, it is called south. All the plaies lying at one meridian will have the same longitude.